Arthroscopy (ahr-THROS-kuh-pee) is a procedure for diagnosing and treating joint problems. The surgeon inserts a narrow tube connected to a fiber-optic video camera through a small incision – about the size of a buttonhole. The view of your joint is transmitted to a high-definition video monitor. Arthroscopy allows the surgeon to see inside your joint without making a large incision. Surgeons can even repair some types of joint damage during arthroscopy using pencil-thin surgical instruments inserted through additional small incisions. You will be placed in the best position for the procedure you are undergoing. It can be on the back or on the side. The limb being worked on will be placed in a positioning device and a tourniquet may be used to reduce blood loss and improve visibility inside the joint. Another technique to improve the view into the joint involves filling the joint with sterile fluid. This expands the area around the joint. One small incision is made for the viewing device. Additional small incisions at various locations around the joint allow the surgeon to insert surgical instruments to grasp, cut, grind, and provide suction as needed to repair the joint. The incisions will be small enough to be closed with one or two stitches or narrow strips of sterile tape.
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